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- LIST OF COMMANDS FOR TERMINAL MAC OS X
- LIST OF COMMANDS FOR TERMINAL PLUS
- LIST OF COMMANDS FOR TERMINAL WINDOWS
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When the output has printed to the screen and the command or program exits, the prompt is displayed again below the output. As you can see in the image below, when you type a command, it may have textual output: $ ls /ĭev media root sys vmlinuz The last piece of the display portion of the CLI is the output of your commands. The thing that allows you to input text is called STDIN (standard input). The cursor shows where you are able to input additional text. For the rest of this book, we'll represent the prompt as a simple $.Īt the end of the prompt, you should see a cursor which, in the world of the command line, is just a box that blinks on for a second and off for a second. Whenever you log in to a server, or whenever you open up Terminal on your own computer, you'll be presented with a prompt like this one. It can be modified to fit your needs, but usually displays some very basic information that shows you the context of what you're doing. This whole piece of text is called the prompt, or PS1. If you've just logged in, it's probably just a tilde ( ~), which represents the home directory. The colon is just for separation, and the displays the path of the directory that you are in. The portion represents the computer's name. To follow along, log in to your virtual machine or server.īelow is an example of the prompt on an Ubuntu Linux server: above prompt follows this format: portion ("ubuntu") represents the current user that is logged in to the command line interface. Let's dissect the CLI's language for a moment. The command line can be the default interface for a computer, but most personal computers use a program (like Terminal) within the desktop graphical interface to provide the command line interface. For this book, however, we're only interested in the display and input of text and commands via the command line. Note that interface has a much broader definition these days. Let's look at the two parts of the command line interface: the display and the input. In a nutshell, the command line allows for text-based communication with a computer. The command line interface is a very basic interface that uses mostly text for both the display and input components of the interface.
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LIST OF COMMANDS FOR TERMINAL PLUS
Basic housekeeping includes regular back-ups plus some other, less familiar, tasks.The Command Line Interface What is an interface?Īccording to the online Merriam Webster dictionary, an interface is "a system that is used for operating a computer: a system that controls the way information is shown to a computer user and the way the user is able to work with the computer." 1 As this definition explains, an interface has two parts: 1) a display of information about what the computer is doing and 2) a method for telling the computer what to do. Maintaining your MacBook keeps it running fast and smooth.
LIST OF COMMANDS FOR TERMINAL MAC OS X
Maintenance is vital if you want to keep Mac OS X Lion in tip-top condition for as long as possible.
LIST OF COMMANDS FOR TERMINAL WINDOWS
Hides all windows to display the Desktop using Missionį12 (or F4, depending on your keyboard model) Shows all open windows for the current application usingį11 (or Command+F3, depending on your keyboard model)
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Hides all windows except the Finder’s window(s)Ĭontrol+up-arrow (or F3, depending on your keyboard model)Ĭontrol+down-arrow (or Control+F3, depending on your keyboard Takes you to the top-level Computer locationĬreates a new untitled folder in the active window Moves forward to the next Finder location Moves back to the previous Finder location Shows the active window in cover flow mode Shows the view options for the active window In the column (column view), or all items in the list (cover flow Selects all items in the active window (icon view), all items These keyboard shortcuts help you get things done more efficiently. Use Finder keyboard shortcuts to display windows, copy and move files, and launch applications. The Mac OS X Lion Finder helps you access and organize most of the important Mac OS X functions while you work.